A to Synth breadboards two versions of the distortion circuit, both with input attenuation and output amplification to keep a 10Vpp signal almost untouched.
Pre-distortion amplification
First I did the version with pre-distortion amplification. With distortion CV at 0V the distortion circuit sees around 30mVpp. This is heavily amplified to distort.
At the other end, a second OTA amplifies the signal. The output has unity gain for a 10Vpp input when CV is around 2.5V.
OTA and parallel resistor in feedback loop
Then I tried breadboarding the OTA-in-feedback version. I had lots of trouble and could not get it working as expected at all. After much experimentation I ended up with a well functioning circuit. I then started documenting the changes, and realised what was going on: I had inadvertently put a 33k resistor in the feedback of the distortion op amp. This works in tandem with the signal fed back through the OTA, so it completely changes the amount fed back.
See the circuits and full treatment on A to Synth.
Adafruit publishes a wide range of writing and video content, including interviews and reporting on the maker market and the wider technology world. Our standards page is intended as a guide to best practices that Adafruit uses, as well as an outline of the ethical standards Adafruit aspires to. While Adafruit is not an independent journalistic institution, Adafruit strives to be a fair, informative, and positive voice within the community – check it out here: adafruit.com/editorialstandards
Stop breadboarding and soldering – start making immediately! Adafruit’s Circuit Playground is jam-packed with LEDs, sensors, buttons, alligator clip pads and more. Build projects with Circuit Playground in a few minutes with the drag-and-drop MakeCode programming site, learn computer science using the CS Discoveries class on code.org, jump into CircuitPython to learn Python and hardware together, TinyGO, or even use the Arduino IDE. Circuit Playground Express is the newest and best Circuit Playground board, with support for CircuitPython, MakeCode, and Arduino. It has a powerful processor, 10 NeoPixels, mini speaker, InfraRed receive and transmit, two buttons, a switch, 14 alligator clip pads, and lots of sensors: capacitive touch, IR proximity, temperature, light, motion and sound. A whole wide world of electronics and coding is waiting for you, and it fits in the palm of your hand.
Have an amazing project to share? The Electronics Show and Tell is every Wednesday at 7:30pm ET! To join, head over to YouTube and check out the show’s live chat and our Discord!
Python for Microcontrollers – Adafruit Daily — Python on Microcontrollers Newsletter: CircuitPython 2025 Wraps, Focus on Using Python, Open Source and More! #CircuitPython #Python #micropython @ThePSF @Raspberry_Pi
EYE on NPI – Adafruit Daily — EYE on NPI Maxim’s Himalaya uSLIC Step-Down Power Module #EyeOnNPI @maximintegrated @digikey