As American men left the industrial labor force to enlist during World War II, American women entered the workforce in unprecedented numbers. The demands of a wartime labor market made it more acceptable for women to take on jobs in manufacturing, utilities, and transport that in peacetime had mostly been done by men. The War Advertising Council, which implemented a massive national campaign to usher women into the workplace, became an integral part in organizing the movement.
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Women came from all over the country to work in the assembly lines of defense production plants that were converted or built to mass produce ever more sophisticated armaments. Between 1940 and 1945, the female percentage of the workforce in the United States increased from 27 percent to nearly 37 percent, and nearly one out of every four married women worked outside of the home by 1945. At the peak of wartime industrial production, 2 million women were working in war-related industries, and the strong, bandana-clad image of Rosie had come to symbolize the role that six million American women played in expanding the United States’ industrial production capacity after 1941.
The American Rosie Movement has worked since 2008 to pull together interviews of “Rosies” from across the nation. The organization has worked tirelessly to find and interview these women so that their legacy becomes part of America’s identity and future, and the stories that these women tell help to highlight the contributions that women made towards the war effort. Highlighted below are just a few of these women, telling their stories in their own words.
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