Python is an interpreted language; When a program is run, the python interpreter is first parsing your code and checking for any syntax errors, then it is translating the source code into a series of bytecode instructions; these bytecode instructions are then run by the python interpreter. This text is explaining some of the features of the python bytecode.
The byte code deals with two entities, a memory store that keeps functions and data items, and a stack used for evaluating expression (the stack is maintained separately per each function object) The python interpreter works as a stack machine when it evaluates the bytecode instructions. This means that values are moved from a main memory store to the stack, where the expression is evaluated, then the result is moved back to the main memory store.
You can examine the Python bytecode of a function by means of a dissassembler, as part of the python standard library you have the dis package, that can show you the bytecode of a python function.
I have written a disassembler that is producing a combined listing for a given python function, this means that you have a line of the python source code, followed by the python bytecode instructions that this source line translates into; I hope that this combined listing will make it much easier to comprehend the meaning of each lineof code and how it translates into the byte code instructions.
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